Skromnyaga wrote:Teh Instructor wrote:Skromnyaga wrote:Митяй wrote:
Кредитов в современной банковской системе ВСЕГДА выдается больше, чем депозитов. Читайте про money creation и fractional reserves.
У вас путаница в голове. В каждом банке есть главная бухгалтерская книга, в которой ведется баланс. Так вот (весьма упрощенно) сумма активов в этой книге должна быть равна сумме пассивов минус резервы. Активы - это кредиты, пассивы - депозиты.
Проблема последних лет в том, что производные финансовые инструменты стали записывать в активы. т.е. они придумали как эффекивно конвертировать пассивы в активы путем манипуляций ценными бумагами. За счет этого произошло многократное умножение объема выданных кредитов.
Извините, но я мортгадж беру живыми деньгами, а не производными финансовыми имструментами. Думаю, что и остальные тоже. Так что смысл вашей фразы от меня слегка ускользает.
Ну нельзя же быть такой упрямой.
http://www.chrismartenson.com/crashcour ... y-creation
First, let’s look at how money is created by banks.
Leaving aside for now where this money comes from, suppose a person walks into town with $1000, and, luckily, a brand new bank with no deposits has just opened up. The $1000 is deposited in the bank, and now the person has a $1000 asset (their bank account) and the bank has a $1000 liability (the very same bank account).
Now, there’s a rule on the books, a federal rule, that allows banks to loan out a proportion, a fraction, of the money they have on deposit to others. In theory, banks are allowed to loan out up to 90% of what people have on deposit with them, although, as we’ll see later, the actual proportion is much closer to 100% than 90%. Nonetheless, because banks retain only a fraction of their deposits in reserve, the term for this process is “fractional reserve banking.”
Back to our example. We now have a bank with $1000 on deposit, and banks do not make money by holding on to it – rather, they make their living by borrowing at one rate and loaning at a higher rate.
Since any bank can loan out up to 90%, the bank in our example manages to locate a single individual that wants to borrow $900.
This borrower then spends that money by giving it to another person, perhaps his accountant, who, in turn, deposits it in a bank. Now it could be the same bank, or a different bank, but that really doesn’t change how this story gets told at all.
With this new deposit, the bank has a fresh $900 to work with, and so it gets busy finding somebody who wants to borrow 90% of that amount, or $810.
And so another loan, this time for $810, is made, which gets spent and redeposited in the bank, meaning that a brand new, fresh deposit of $810 is available to loan against. So the bank loans out out 90% of $810, or $729, and so it goes, until
we finally discover that the original $1000 deposit has mushroomed into a total of $10,000.
Is this all real money? You bet it is, especially if it’s in your bank account. But if you were paying close attention, you’d realize that what we’ve actually got here are three things. First, we’ve got $1000 held in reserve by the bank, $10,000 in total in various bank accounts, and $9000 dollars of new debt. The original $1000 is now entirely held in reserve by the bank, but every new dollar, all $9,000 of them, was loaned into existence and is “backed” by an equivalent amount of debt. How’s your mind doing?
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Вот так вот ваши "живые деньги" и образуются.
А если банкам разрешить держать не 10%, а 5% - то из $1,000 они могут раздуть $20,000.
А для коммерческих кредитов вообще нормы резервирования не предусмотрено.
Читайте, граждане, читайте. Знание - оно сила.
А пристыдишь их - и сальцо найдется, и горилочка...
Вам выдали чемоданчик кеша? Я уверен, что нет.
Вы спутали ломбард с банком 