RB wrote:Значит N1 это RPM..Не поделитесь информацией о стандартных power settings хотя бы на одном из перечисленных вами самолетах (cruis, climb,descent)?
In reality PF almost never sets N1 directly on a modern airliner. The FMC (Flight Management Commputer) has a Performance page and a Takeoff page. Aircraft weight and fuel numbers are entered on the Performance page. Takeoff page has settings for flaps, runway (you enter for example 5L and computer gets its length from the database. You enter your departure airport on another page called Position Init. Then computer would calculate V-speeds based on data entered and pushing a button would move V-speed bugs on your airspeed indicator.
You probably noticed, that weather settings are not there. Based on runway length, slope, altitude, temperature, necessary obstacle clearance requirements, etc. airline gate agent generates numbers for max are and so called reduced power takeoff. This numbers are in degrees C. Of course, reduced power takeoff temperature has to be higher than current ambient temperture The engine management computer would "pretend" that the temperature is higher and set lower power setting.
Pilot then enters this temperature on Takeoff page, computer generates proper thrust setting. Some airports (KSNA, a.k.a John Wayne) prohibit reduce power takeoffs altogether due to noise, but require climb at V2+15 kias after you reach 1000ft agl, which is the lowest allowed for a Boeing. They want all the noise withing airport boundaries (max takeoff power), but than less noise (min allowed power) when above Newport Beach.
Now there's TRP (Thrus Rating Panel). It has several modes. Typical are
TO/GA - TO mode on the ground, GA mode in flight.
CLB - full climb power.
1 and 2 - derated climb and TO thrust modes from FMC
CON - maximum continuous thrust limit. Typically for engine out situations
CRZ - cruise thrust limit.
So on takeoff, after you enter all stuff into computers. You advance throttles to ~40%N1, verify all engine instruments are green, and punch TO/GA. Autothrottles would advance to proper TO power settings (typically between 85%N1 for 65C reduced power takeoff) and 97%N1 for a max power takeoff.
At 1000ft agl (sometimes higher due to obstacle clearance) you select CLB, throttles would move back ~5-10% with 90% N1 as max.
Before FMC, it was flight engineer's job to look at proper table in the manual and enter all this stuff manually.
cruise is ~65-80% N1, depending on flight level.
Descend is at flight idle, unless STAR and/or ATC places restrictions. Once again, autothrottles maintain correct power. One exception is when there's a lot of turbulence. Autothrottles would try to adjust to constantly changing airspeed, moving back and forth, which would make passengers uncomortable, so pilots would disconnect them.
Approach is between 50 and 65% N1. Jet engine may suffer from a compressor stall if at flight idle and low airspeed. Also it takes
a lot of time to spool the engine up from idle than from 50% to full power if you need to go around- main reason to drag flaps along. There are others, related to aircraft pitch and power needed for hydraulics, a/c packs, and generators.
Теперь о закрылках .."По моему" закрылки выпускаются не по power settings a по скорости - это раз.
You are right. You set power to maintain proper airspeed with given flap settings.
P.S. Извините меня за мое невежество но все же мне кажется
что вы поклонник MSFS и Captan Sim нежели человек с реальным опытом полетов. Хотя пилоты бывают разные и я могу ошибаться
PS.PS
power setting -> speed -> flaps not always equal noise
I am not a pilot, rather was developing software for this flight management computers. Also, I have been reading a lot of stuff on the subject and can assure you that I really know this area. As far as small propeller planes, you are most likely correct, I don't know them well enough and they don't have Boeing's FMC
I hav no idea what Captan Sim is. MSFS is a nice game, but with a lot of simplifications. None of built-in planes have real panels, FMC, engine and fuel systems panels, etc. There are add-ons with sort-of-real panels, but even they are nice toys. You don't have a gate agent and airline dispatchers in MSFS, and I have no idea how one could calculate performance numbers for, let say, KSNA, without Boeing's database or software.
All numbers above are for vintage Boeing aircraft. Airbus is way different. MDs are somewhat different.