Tyuratam was a station on the main Moscow to Tashkent railway, located in modern Kazakhstan. It was the location of the Soviet Union's spaceport, known to the west as the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/au-18/au18003c.htm
The U-2s searched for Soviet ICBMs. By summer 1957, U-2s flying out of Pakistan returned with the first pictures of the Tyuratam SS-6 test site.
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On 1 May 1960, a Soviet air force surface-to-air missile shot down a U-2 flying from Turkey. The pilot, Francis Gary Powers, failed to activate the destruct mechanism, and the Soviets recovered both the pilot and the aircraft. The president immediately suspended overflights and the US lost all information that U-2s had been providing. But, in less than three months, the US again had photos of Soviet missile installations, this time the photos came from space.
MaxSt.